The code does however originate from when the airport was still called by its original name, McCoy Air Force Base.Įqually as confusing is Chicago O’Hare Airport’s IATA code- ORD. However, some airport codes seem a little less logical, for example MCO at Orlando Airport. YTO was already assigned to Toronto’s generic regional code, and so it seems the Canadian’s took YYZ from a regional radio station in Malton, where the airport is located. Toronto in theory, should then have the code YTO, right? Wrong. This explains Ottawa International Airport ( YOW) and Vancouver International Airport ( YVR). These were used in front of a radio station’s callsign, Canada’s of which, was Y. In the early days of broadcast radio, North America was divided into three geographic zones, each of which carried a regional specific letter. Rather than weather station codes, this relates to radio transmitter signals. This explains the ‘X’ after airport codes such as LAX (Los Angeles) and PHX (Phoenix) as seemingly, the simplest thing to do was to add another letter onto the end of the weather station code.ĭubai followed suit, with DUB already reserved for Dublin Airport in Ireland Dubai adopted the ‘X’ approach and settled for DXB to fill out the three characters.īerlin Tegel Airport and Berlin Schönefeld Airport appear to do the same, with IATA codes TXL and SXF respectively.Ĭanada throws a spanner in the works of its own, with the majority of airport codes beginning with a ‘Y’, regardless of the city or airport name. They originated from two-letter identification codes used by the National Weather Service, but as the aviation industry grew, cities and towns without weather station codes required identification. The name NATO phonetic alphabet became widespread because it was NATO Allies who had spearheaded the final revision and because the signals used to facilitate the naval communications and tactics of the US and NATO have become global.Īpart from the traditional military usage, the NATO phonetic is often used in the retail industry, where customer or site details are spoken by telephone (to authorize a credit agreement or confirm stock codes), by IT professionals to communicate long codes or by airlines to communicate passenger name records internally.Ī spelling alphabet is also often called a ‘phonetic alphabet’, but this is not related to the usage of the same phrase in phonetics, which is used to indicate the sounds of human speech, such as the International Phonetic Alphabet.IATA codes (International Air Transport Association airport codes) are three letter signifiers that airports are recognised by worldwide. Telephone spelling alphabets were developed to improve communication since World War I, but the first non-military internationally recognized spelling alphabet was adopted by the CCIR (predecessor of the ITU) in 1927.ĭuring World War II, many nations used their own versions of a spelling alphabet, but the International Air Transport Association (IATA), recognizing the need for a single universal alphabet, presented a draft alphabet to the ICAO during 1947 that had sounds common to English, French, Spanish and Portuguese.ĭuring 1948-1949, Jean-Paul Vinay, a professor of linguistics at the Université de Montréal, collaborated with the ICAO on the development of a new spelling alphabet, with minimum requirements for the words to have a similar spelling in at least English, French, and Spanish, as well as be live words in each of these three languages.Įventually, the NATO alphabet became effective in 1956 and, a few years later, turned into the established universal phonetic alphabet for all military, civilian and amateur radio communications. Actually, as of 2002, the IMO’s GMDSS procedures permit the use of the ICAO numeral pronunciation. In practice, these are used rarely, as they frequently result in confusion between speakers of different languages. The IMO defines different pronunciation of numerals than does the ICAO: However, each agency chooses one of two different sets of numeric code words. Note that “Alpha” is written as “Alfa” and “Juliet” is written as “Juliett”, which are the spellings still in use in the international version of the alphabet, to avoid possible critical mispronunciations by speakers of other languages.Īfter ICAO developed the phonetic, this was adopted by many other international and national organizations, including the IMO. The 26 code words in the spelling alphabet are assigned to the 26 letters of the English alphabet in alphabetical order as follows: Alfa, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot, Golf, Hotel, India, Juliett, Kilo, Lima, Mike, November, Oscar, Papa, Quebec, Romeo, Sierra, Tango, Uniform, Victor, Whiskey, X-ray, Yankee, Zulu.
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